柴达木盆地西部鄂博梁Ⅱ号构造深层卤水储层特征与锂硼资源富集成因          下载免费PDF全文

韩光  樊启顺  许建新  潘彤  刘久波  袁文虎  董启伟 《盐湖研究》2022,30(2):70-78

鄂博梁Ⅱ号构造是柴达木盆地西部鄂博梁Ⅰ-Ⅲ号褶皱带中的一个局部构造,在古新世—上新世以来主要为河流泛滥平原相、滨浅湖相和深湖相构造环境,在“高山深盆”的构造环境下,接受了大量造山带物源碎屑补给并赋存卤水矿床。通过对钻孔岩性、孔隙度、给水度、地球物理测井等数据进行分析,总结下油砂山组下部和干柴沟组地层是区内相对较好的深层卤水赋存层位,可作为深层卤水的重点探矿层位进一步勘查。同时,鄂博梁Ⅱ号构造钻孔深层卤水化学组成及特征系数分析结果显示,该水体为低矿化度(平均值为73.00 g/L)、Na⁺、Cl-为主的卤水,其中Li、B等元素含量达到边界品位以上,Br、I元素含量也达到或接近综合利用标准,具有较好的深层卤水找矿前景;卤水的成因为柴达木盆地周缘中新生代以来深部火山热泉补给、造山带火山岩物质风化和溶滤盐岩富集成矿。  相似文献   

基于动态降温结晶工艺的盐湖卤水镁锂分离研究          下载免费PDF全文

张成卓  成怀刚  李琳琳  薛芳斌  李恩泽 《盐湖研究》2023,31(1):59-66

青海盐湖卤水锂资源储量丰富,高镁锂比卤水存在镁锂分离难的问题。基于非平衡动态降温过程中不同盐组分结晶行为存在差异的原理,开展了强制分离高镁锂比卤水的研究,考察了卤水镁锂比、降温速率、流体状态和卤水温度对镁锂分离效果的影响,并分析了结晶过程中镁锂分离的介稳性特点。结果表明,通过非平衡动态降温结晶析出MgCl₂·6H₂O,可以实现卤水脱镁和镁锂分离,当降温速率为-1.25℃/min、卤水温度在70℃至50℃范围内,镁锂比在10∶1～80∶1时,镁锂分离因子最高可达到1.876,结晶的MgCl₂·6H₂O纯度最高为99.42%。非平衡动态降温结晶工艺相较于经典的盐田工艺,最多可将锂损失率从模拟盐田工艺的38.39%降至7.56%。该工艺为盐湖卤水镁锂分离提供了一条新的思路,也为后续高纯锂盐的制备奠定了基础。  相似文献   

青海盐湖锂资源综合利用规模探讨          下载免费PDF全文

熊增华  王兴富  王石军  童阳春  吴盛斌 《盐湖研究》2020,28(4):125-131

锂是战略新兴产业的“关键原料”,已入国家战略新兴产业矿产。当前和可预见的未来,新能源、人工智能、航空航天等都离不开锂原料。有机构预测全球锂需求量将从2017年24万吨增加到2025年的83万吨LCE(碳酸锂当量)。青海柴达木盆地是我国锂资源富集地,为探讨青海盐湖锂资源的合理开发规模,分析了锂盐开发的矿床特性、钾肥规模、开采方式、盐田精制浓缩工艺等影响因素,以察尔汗盐湖为例计算其开发规模,提出“先锂后钾”重点研发低含量卤水提锂技术、全流程工艺优化、构建锂资源产业集群等建议,将有利于科学规划青海盐湖锂资源开发,促进我国盐湖锂产业可持续发展。  相似文献   

察尔汗盐湖别勒滩区段晶间卤水的主要离子分布特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

田润  韩凤清  马海州  刘勇平  高东林  张西营 《盐湖研究》2007,15(3):7-13

通过野外采集样品、室内实验分析,研究了察尔汗盐湖别勒滩区段晶间卤水的主要离子分布特征。采集了53个晶间卤水样品,通过分析,发现K+浓度一般随着深度的增加而减小,Li+浓度一般随着深度的增加而增加,Mg2+浓度随着深度增加浓度也在增加,但异常情况同样存在。Li+,B2O3在空间分布上有一个富集区域,越是远离这一区域离子含量就越低;K+含量则存在两个临界点,在临界点附近相关离子浓度和矿化度会变化。  相似文献   

地下卤水体系中水活度的计算方法评定          下载免费PDF全文

江晓红  陆小华 《盐湖研究》2002,10(1):40-44

在温度 1 2 .1～ 60 .5℃范围内测定了地下卤水体系的饱和蒸汽压 ,并采用Clausius -Clapeyron方程进行关联 ,计算水活度 ;比较强电解质混合体系水活度的理论计算模型 ,探索计算地下卤水体系水活度的最佳方法  相似文献   

Deriving Optimal Exploration Target Zones on Mineral Prospectivity Maps     

Pravesh Debba  Emmanuel J. M. Carranza  Alfred Stein  Freek D. van der Meer 《Mathematical Geosciences》2009,41(4):421-446

This paper describes a quantitative methodology for deriving optimal exploration target zones based on a probabilistic mineral prospectivity map. The methodology is demonstrated in the Rodalquilar mineral district in Spain. A subset of known occurrences of mineral deposits of the type sought was considered discovered and then used as training data, and a map of distances to faults/fractures and three band ratio images of hyperspectral data were used as layers of spatial evidence in weights-of-evidence (WofE) modeling of mineral prospectivity in the study area. A derived posterior probability map of mineral deposit occurrence showing non-violation of the conditional independence assumption and having the highest prediction rate was then put into an objective function in simulated annealing in order to derive a set of optimal exploration focal points. Each optimal exploration focal point represents a pixel or location within a circular neighborhood of pixels with high posterior probability of mineral deposit occurrence. Buffering of each optimal exploration focal point, based on proximity analysis, resulted in optimal exploration target zones. Many of these target zones coincided spatially with at least one occurrence of mineral deposit of the type sought in the subset of cross-validation (i.e., presumed undiscovered) mineral deposits of the type sought. The results of the study showed the usefulness of the proposed methodology for objective delineation of optimal exploration target zones based on a probabilistic mineral prospectivity map.  相似文献   

碳酸盐型盐湖卤水的模拟太阳池结晶试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

唐力君  郑绵平  刘建华 《地球学报》2009,30(2):249-255

在碳酸盐型盐湖提锂工艺中, 太阳池是一个重要组成部分, 目的是储存太阳能能量以结晶析出碳酸锂。文章利用加热方法首次在实验室条件下进行模拟太阳池结晶试验, 试验的蒸发量随着温度的升高而加大, 但蒸发量的不同对析盐结晶影响不大。在不同时间段模拟试验中, 24 h时间段的Mg2+析盐浓度较Li+大, 且随着时间的延长逐渐降低, 而Li+则相反;Mg2+析出速率随着时间的增加而逐渐降低, 而Li+析出速率基 本保持一致。在不同温度模拟试验中, 卤水主要组分总析出率与温度的升高呈正相关, 卤水中CO32?和Li+的浓度降低速度大于其他组分, CO32?和Li+的析出率远大于其他组分, 析出主要矿物鉴定结果均为扎布耶石  相似文献   

Experimental evidence for eukaryotic fossil preservation: Onion skin cells in silica solution     

Xiaozheng Chen  Wei Wang  Qinghua Shang  Yue Lou  Xinchun Liu  Changqun Cao  Yue Wang 《Precambrian Research》2009,170(3-4):223-230

Research on the origin of eukaryotes often focuses on the exceptional preservation found in silicified Precambrian fossils. Nuclei like subcellular structures in well-preserved fossil becomes confusion and arguments, which focus on whether the partial degradation of prokaryotes produces artifacts that resemble a ‘nucleus’, or fossilized nuclei of eukaryotes. In order to understand the mechanisms of silicification and identify the fossilized subcellular and microstructures in rocks, a series of laboratory controlled experiments were performed for simulating the silicification process. The effects of different silica solutions in eukaryote fossilization were studied in our experiments by exposing onion skin cells (epidermis) to silica solutions. Onion skin provides a good experimental model because of its well characterized cellular structures which are easily observed. The designed experiments revealed that the possibility of onion cell preserved as a “fossil” with nuclear structures, the first week fossilization, or mineralization as rapid as 1 week is important. And the experiment also revealed interactions between silica and the onion skin cell wall surface functional groups were weak. The preservation of nuclei in the onion skin model was due to precipitation in highly supersaturated silica solutions rather than simply the high silica concentration. When the silica gel precipitates slowly at low supersaturation states, the nuclei were not well preserved, but the rapid precipitation at high supersaturated silica conditions preserved nuclear structures. A better understanding of the processes involved in onion skin fossilization will further contribute to issues concerning the silicification of other eukaryotic materials.  相似文献   

Improving groundwater-flow modeling using optimal zoning methods     

Ching-Pin?Tung  Chung-Che?Tang  Yu-Pin?LinEmail author 《Environmental Geology》2003,44(6):627-638

Hydraulic conductivity sometimes exhibits complicated spatial variation over a site. A thorough understanding of the spatial distributions of hydraulic conductivity helps to make deterministic models of groundwater more accurate. This study presents a novel procedure that combines simulated annealing algorithms (SA) and the shortest distance method (SD) with the modular three-dimensional groundwater flow model (MODFLOW). The procedure is applied to a hypothetical site with groundwater-monitoring wells to minimize the difference between simulated and observed hydraulic head for optimal zoning of the spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity. The results of this optimal zoning method indicate that this new procedure not only improves the efficiency of optimization, but also increases the probability of finding the global optimum, minimizing the errors of the hydraulic head simulated by MODFLOW in two scenarios, one with known and the other with unknown hydraulic conductivity. The results also illustrated that the procedure can effectively determine and delineate hydrogeological zones.  相似文献   

Primary Ore Mineral Assemblage and Fluid Inclusion Study of the Batu Hijau Porphyry Cu-Au Deposit, Sumbawa, Indonesia   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Akira Imai  Satoshi Ohno 《Resource Geology》2005,55(3):239-248

Abstract. The Batu Hijau porphyry Cu‐Au deposit, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia, is associated with a tonalitic intrusive complex. The temperature‐pressure condition of mineralization at the Batu Hijau deposit is discussed on the basis of fluid inclusion microthermometry. Then, the initial Cu‐Fe sulfide mineral assemblage is discussed. Bornite and chalcopyrite are major copper ore minerals associated with quartz veinlets. The quartz veinlets have been classified into ‘A’ veinlets associated with bornite, digenite, chalcocite and chalcopyrite, ‘B’ veinlets having chalcopyrite bornite along vuggy center‐line, rare ‘C’ chalcopyrite‐quartz veinlets, and late ‘D’ veinlets consisting of massive pyrite and quartz (Clode et al., 1999). Copper and gold mineralization is associated with abundant ‘A’ quartz veinlets. Abundant fluid inclusions are found in veinlet quartz consisting mainly of gas‐rich inclusions and polyphase inclusions throughout the veinlet types. The hydrothermal activity occurred in temperature‐pressure conditions of aqueous fluid immiscibility into hypersaline brine and dilute vapor. The halite dissolution (Tm[halite]) and liquid‐vapor homogenization (Th) temperatures of the polyphase inclusions in veinlet quartz range from 270 to 472d?C and from 280 to 454d?C, respectively. The estimated salinity ranges from 36 to 47 wt% (NaCl equiv.). The apparent pressures lower than 300 bars are estimated to have been along the liquid‐vapor‐halite curve for the fluid inclusions having the Th lower than the Tm that trapped the brine saturated with halite, or at slightly higher pressure relative to liquid‐vapor‐halite curve for the fluid inclusions having the Th higher than the Tm that trapped the brine unsaturated with halite. The actual temperature and pressure during the hydrothermal activity at the Batu Hijau deposit are estimated to have been around 300d?C and 50 bars. At such temperature‐pressure conditions, the principal and initial Cu‐Fe sulfide mineral assemblages are thought to be chalcopyrite + bornite solid solution (bnss) for the chalcopyrite‐bearing assemblage, and chalcocite‐digenite solid solution and bnss for the chalcopyrite‐free assemblage.  相似文献